1. vlc開(kāi)發(fā)Qt creat快速入門(mén),、精通Qt4編程都是很好的書(shū)。 Qt是一個(gè)1991年由Qt Company開(kāi)發(fā)的跨平臺(tái)C++圖形用戶(hù)界面應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)框架,。它既可以開(kāi)發(fā)GUI程序,,也可用于開(kāi)發(fā)非GUI程序,比如控制臺(tái)工具和服務(wù)器,。Qt是面向?qū)ο蟮目蚣?,使用特殊的代碼生成擴(kuò)展(稱(chēng)為元對(duì)象編譯器(Meta Object Compiler, moc))以及一些宏,Qt很容易擴(kuò)展,,并且允許真正地組件編程。 Qt使用于OPIE,、Skype,、VLC media player、Adobe Photoshop Elements,、VirtualBox與Mathematica以及被Autodesk,、歐洲空間局、夢(mèng)工廠,、Google,、HP、KDE,、盧卡斯影業(yè),、西門(mén)子公司、富豪集團(tuán),,華特迪士尼動(dòng)畫(huà)制作公司,、三星集團(tuán)、飛利浦,、Panasonic所使用,。 2008年,Qt Company科技被諾基亞公司收購(gòu),,Qt也因此成為諾基亞旗下的編程語(yǔ)言工具,。2012年,,Qt被Digia收購(gòu)。 2. vlc開(kāi)發(fā)文檔光碟里dat文件復(fù)制不過(guò)去解決方法: 1.按一下光驅(qū)上的彈出按鈕,,把光盤(pán)彈出來(lái),,然后轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)光盤(pán),換一個(gè)角度,,然后把光盤(pán)倉(cāng)推回去,。 2.此時(shí)點(diǎn)擊開(kāi)始的,點(diǎn)擊上面的計(jì)算機(jī),。 3.點(diǎn)擊DVD驅(qū)動(dòng)器,,然后找到dat文件。 4.然后右鍵復(fù)制,,點(diǎn)擊左邊庫(kù)下的視頻目錄,。 5.然后右鍵粘貼,即可把dat文件粘貼到視頻目錄,。 6.然后右鍵dat文件打開(kāi)方式,,選擇vlc,那么就可以播放這個(gè)視頻文件了的,。 3. vlc開(kāi)發(fā)者.ijkplayer結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單,,基本以ffplay展開(kāi),開(kāi)發(fā)難度較??; 2.ijkplayer包比VLC小一點(diǎn),經(jīng)過(guò)裁剪,,約為4.2M左右,; 缺點(diǎn): 1.ijkplayer可擴(kuò)展性較差,基本上沒(méi)有提供modules供開(kāi)發(fā)者二次開(kāi)發(fā),; 2.ijkplayer 官方維護(hù)力度小,,版本更新很慢; ExoPlayer Exo優(yōu)點(diǎn): 1.接入包小,,1.1M,; 2.維護(hù)團(tuán)隊(duì)強(qiáng)大,,更新速度快,; 缺點(diǎn): 1.不太適合直播; 2.視頻解碼無(wú)法接入軟解,,可擴(kuò)展性一般,; 3.適合播放場(chǎng)景簡(jiǎn)單的項(xiàng)目,,播放過(guò)程中無(wú)切換碼流的情況; 4. vlc開(kāi)發(fā)錄制窗口一、通過(guò)WEB瀏覽器,,比如用IE瀏覽器直接輸入監(jiān)控?cái)z像頭或網(wǎng)絡(luò)硬盤(pán)錄像機(jī)的地址的方式訪問(wèn),,只需安裝一個(gè)解碼控件即可,是一種比較方便的方式,,不適合大規(guī)范使用,,臨時(shí)調(diào)用少量攝像頭的圖像還可以。 二,、通過(guò)監(jiān)控?cái)z像機(jī),、網(wǎng)絡(luò)硬盤(pán)錄像機(jī)廠家的隨機(jī)軟件或平臺(tái)軟件查看。功能是沒(méi)問(wèn)題的,,問(wèn)題在于部署,,需要安裝軟件、進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)配置后才能使用,,這樣才能看得見(jiàn)圖像,,臨時(shí)使用就不是很方便了。 三,、APP,,用手機(jī)APP來(lái)看監(jiān)控圖像,這個(gè)和第二點(diǎn)類(lèi)似,,均需要安裝軟件,、配置,不同的是前者是在電腦上完成,,后者是在手機(jī)上完成。 四,、用廠家的DEMO程序,廠家一般在提供SDK的時(shí)候都會(huì)提供一個(gè)DEMO程序,,基本看,、錄、控的功能都有,,平時(shí)調(diào)試使用挺方便,,體量很小,很適合調(diào)試,,只是外觀很粗糙,。 五、通過(guò)流媒體RTSP方式,,獲取視頻流,,只需要有一個(gè)VLC播放器即可,按照不同廠家的RTSP流媒體地址格式連接即可,,測(cè)試也比較方便,,由于協(xié)議是固定的,,不需廠家的解碼庫(kù),也不需要廠家軟件,、插件,,只要支持RTSP協(xié)議即可看見(jiàn)視頻。 5. VLC開(kāi)發(fā)UDP組播因?yàn)閡dp位于傳輸層,,是基于端口的而不是ip地址,如果綁定ip,,會(huì)出問(wèn)題的 6. vlc開(kāi)發(fā)教程首先VLC是一款開(kāi)源軟件,不大注重用戶(hù)體驗(yàn),,力求支持多平臺(tái),。另外作為一款強(qiáng)大的視頻播放器,很多公司的播放器是基于VLC改造的,,其視頻編解碼部分使用ffmpeg,界面使用QT,,服務(wù)器使用live555。這給開(kāi)發(fā)者帶來(lái)了很多的便利,,通過(guò)vlc即可以搭建服務(wù)器,,又可快速的開(kāi)發(fā)播放器。 7. vlc開(kāi)發(fā)教程 硬件解碼VLC的全名是Video Lan Client,,是一個(gè)開(kāi)源的,、跨平臺(tái)的視頻播放器。VLC支持大量的音視頻傳輸,、封裝和編碼格式,, VLC還有一個(gè)好處是不影響Windows中的解碼器。VLC通常不影響也不依賴(lài)于系統(tǒng)中自帶的解碼器(除了realvideo和quicktime的類(lèi)型),,很綠色很環(huán)保,;更不用擔(dān)心流氓軟件、廣告插件之類(lèi)的惡心的玩意兒 8. vlc開(kāi)發(fā) 獲取視頻長(zhǎng)度毛筆字是指按傳統(tǒng)法度書(shū)寫(xiě)的字,,而不是用毛筆隨意寫(xiě)出的字,。書(shū)法是線條造型藝術(shù)。所謂毛筆筆法講的就是怎樣創(chuàng)造理想線條的用筆方法,。 毛筆字入門(mén)教程 執(zhí)筆 “把筆無(wú)定法,,要使虛而寬?!蔽逯笀?zhí)筆法:即以拇指和食指的指肚捏住筆桿(適當(dāng)高度),,保證筆桿不脫落;中指在食指下面搭在筆的外側(cè),,既加強(qiáng)食指捏筆的力量,,又發(fā)揮把筆往里鉤的作用;無(wú)名指的甲肉之際抵在筆桿內(nèi)側(cè),起著把筆往外推的作用,;小指附在無(wú)名指的指肚下部,,輔助無(wú)名指把筆往外推。 1,、將手掌攤開(kāi)后大拇指向上,,然后讓無(wú)名指和小指輕輕的向內(nèi)彎曲,手指彎曲時(shí)要讓手掌保持平穩(wěn),。 2,、將毛筆放在中指和無(wú)名指之間,然后中指和食指自然貼合毛筆,,握筆的高度要距離筆根3-4cm,。 3、將大拇指放在中指和食指之間,,大拇指方向朝上方放置,,小指要緊挨無(wú)名指,握筆時(shí)手心要留余地,,初學(xué)者最開(kāi)始握毛筆可能會(huì)有所不舒服,,稍加練習(xí)就會(huì)適應(yīng)了。 握筆時(shí)要如古人所說(shuō):“令掌虛如握卵”,,這樣便于運(yùn)筆,。學(xué)書(shū)要經(jīng)常練習(xí)握筆、鉤回,、推出和旋轉(zhuǎn)筆桿(加上腕的作用)練習(xí)畫(huà)直線和弧線,。執(zhí)筆的高低和是否懸腕、懸肘,,由所書(shū)字的大小來(lái)決定,,小字低執(zhí),枕腕,;大字高執(zhí),,懸腕;再大則需懸肘,。 磨墨 1,、以清水逐漸加入 研墨需加清水,,若水中混有雜質(zhì),,則磨出來(lái)的墨就不純了。至于加水,,最先不宜過(guò)多,,以免將墨浸軟,或墨汁四濺,以逐漸加入為宜,。 2,、力勻而急緩適中 磨墨時(shí)用力過(guò)輕過(guò)重,太急太緩,,墨汁皆必粗而不勻,。用力過(guò)輕,速度太緩,,浪費(fèi)時(shí)間且墨浮;用力過(guò)重,,速度過(guò)急,則墨粗而生沬,,色亦無(wú)光,。正確的方法應(yīng)該是「指按推用力」,輕重有節(jié),,切莫太急,。 3、隨磨隨用 用墨必需新磨,,因墨汁若放置一日以上,,膠與煤逐漸脫離,墨光既乏光彩,,又不能持久,,故以宿墨作書(shū),極易褪色,。而市面上所售的現(xiàn)成墨汁,,有些膠重滯筆,有些則濃度太低,,落紙極易化開(kāi),,防腐劑又多,易損筆鋒,,不宜采用,。 紙張 練習(xí)毛筆字沒(méi)有薄紙臨摹,可以用宣紙,、毛邊紙,、報(bào)紙等,最好是用宣紙,。 用宣紙題字作畫(huà),,墨韻清晰,層次分明,,骨氣兼蓄,,氣勢(shì)溢秀,,濃而不渾,淡而不灰,,其字其畫(huà),,躍然紙上,神采飛揚(yáng),,飛目生輝,。 宣紙分為生宣、半熟宣,、熟宣,。生宣吸水性和沁水性都強(qiáng),易產(chǎn)生豐富的墨韻變化,,以之行潑墨法,、積墨法,能收水暈?zāi)?、達(dá)到水走墨流之藝術(shù)效果,。寫(xiě)意山水多用它。熟宣是加工時(shí)用明礬等涂過(guò),,故紙質(zhì)較生宣為硬,吸水能力弱,,使得使用時(shí)墨和色不會(huì)洇散開(kāi)來(lái),。因此特性,使得熟宣宜于繪工筆畫(huà)而非水墨寫(xiě)意畫(huà),。半熟宣也是從生宣加工而成,,吸水能力界乎前兩者之間,適合寫(xiě)小楷,。 筆法 毛筆書(shū)法是線條造型藝術(shù),。所謂筆法主要的就是怎樣創(chuàng)造理想線條(點(diǎn)畫(huà))的用筆方法。中國(guó)書(shū)法主要都以線條表現(xiàn),,要使書(shū)法的線條點(diǎn)畫(huà)富有變化,,必先講究執(zhí)筆,在運(yùn)筆時(shí)掌握輕重,、快慢,、偏正、曲直等方法,,稱(chēng)為“筆法”,。 提按 筆按下去寫(xiě),筆劃就粗,,提起來(lái)就細(xì),。就像人走路的兩只腳,一只落下,,一只提起,,不停地交替一樣,筆在寫(xiě)字的過(guò)程中也在不停地提按,。惟其如此,,才能產(chǎn)生出粗細(xì)絕不相同的線條來(lái)。 筆畫(huà) 每寫(xiě)一個(gè)筆畫(huà),,都有入筆,、行筆、收筆三個(gè)過(guò)程,。入筆有“露鋒”法,,順筆而入,使筆畫(huà)開(kāi)端呈尖形或方形,;有“藏鋒法”,,逆鋒入筆,橫畫(huà)欲右先左,,豎畫(huà)欲下先上,,使筆鋒藏在筆畫(huà)中,筆畫(huà)開(kāi)端基本呈圓形,。 行筆要學(xué)會(huì)“中鋒用筆”,,使鋒尖常在點(diǎn)劃中間運(yùn)行。為使筆畫(huà)有力度,,還要學(xué)會(huì)澀勢(shì)用筆,,行中留,留中行,,避免浮華,。收筆有“露鋒”(把筆逐漸提出紙面,畫(huà)呈尖形,,如懸針豎,、撇、捺,、鉤),,有“藏鋒”(將筆尖收回畫(huà)中,如垂露豎,,筆畫(huà)尾端呈圓形),。 結(jié)字 結(jié)字又叫結(jié)體或間架結(jié)構(gòu)。啟功先生曾指出,,寫(xiě)毛筆字一要把握間架結(jié)構(gòu),,二要練好筆畫(huà)特點(diǎn),。間架結(jié)構(gòu)比點(diǎn)畫(huà)特點(diǎn)重要。間架好的字,,筆畫(huà)特點(diǎn)不突出,,也還順眼;反過(guò)來(lái)就不行了,。因此,,認(rèn)真研究并把握好字的結(jié)體規(guī)律十分重要。所謂“初學(xué)分布,,但求平正”,。 入手 學(xué)寫(xiě)字應(yīng)先從楷書(shū)或隸書(shū)入手。掌握各種筆法后再學(xué)其它書(shū)體就有了基礎(chǔ),。臨帖是練好字的必需手段,。不臨帖,全憑自己想法隨意寫(xiě),,是上不了路子的,。學(xué)寫(xiě)毛筆字一定要有恒心與毅力,要持之以恒,,戒驕戒躁,,不能一曝十寒。常說(shuō):“只要工夫深,,鐵杵磨成針”,。 毛筆楷書(shū)入門(mén)教程 常言道,“學(xué)書(shū)先學(xué)楷,,功到自然成”,。通過(guò)楷書(shū)入門(mén)扎實(shí)基礎(chǔ),才能在學(xué)習(xí)行書(shū)時(shí)走起來(lái),,學(xué)習(xí)草書(shū)時(shí)跑起來(lái)而不飄忽,。當(dāng)然這是一個(gè)很漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程,任何東西的學(xué)習(xí)都是由慢到快,、由簡(jiǎn)到繁的過(guò)程,。 孫過(guò)庭在《書(shū)譜》中說(shuō),“初學(xué)分布,,當(dāng)求平正,,既只平正,務(wù)追險(xiǎn)絕,,既能險(xiǎn)絕,,復(fù)歸平正?!?學(xué)習(xí)書(shū)法,,就是學(xué)習(xí)書(shū)法中動(dòng)靜關(guān)系,。可以說(shuō),,選擇楷書(shū)作為書(shū)法入,,是實(shí)用和藝術(shù)并重的最佳選擇。 毛筆的選擇 寫(xiě)毛筆字也是一門(mén)藝術(shù),,毛筆字最重要的就是遇到合適的毛筆,這樣用起來(lái)也是比較順手的,。毛筆有長(zhǎng)的有短的,,毛尖不一樣,手感不一樣寫(xiě)出來(lái)的字的感覺(jué)也是不一樣的,,選擇合適的即可,。 一支好的毛筆要具備“尖、齊,、圓,、健”四德。 尖:筆毫聚合時(shí),,筆鋒要能收尖,。 齊:將筆頭沾水捏扁,筆端的毛整齊無(wú)不齊現(xiàn)象,。 圓:筆肚周?chē)?,筆毫飽滿(mǎn)圓潤(rùn),呈圓錐狀,,不扁不瘦,。 健:筆毛有彈性,,筆毛鋪開(kāi)后易于收攏,,筆力要健。 毛筆的種類(lèi)很多,,在初次學(xué)習(xí)時(shí),,希望你選用“兼毫”的湖筆。因?yàn)榧婧恋暮P,,筆芯硬,,易于掌握,對(duì)你以后的學(xué)習(xí)很重要,。 毛筆的種類(lèi) ①硬毫筆:筆性剛健,,毛彈性較大,常見(jiàn)的有兔毫,、狼毫,、鼠須,、石獾毫、山馬毫,、豬鬃等,。 1、兔毫筆歷史悠久,,在長(zhǎng)沙出土的戰(zhàn)國(guó)筆就是用兔毫制成的,。它是將筆干一頭劈開(kāi)數(shù)片,把筆頭插入后再用絲線緊扎而成,。兔毫又分紫毫和花白兩種,。紫毫是取兔子背脊(又稱(chēng)箭毫)和尾巴上的毫毛制成,質(zhì)軟而毫健,?;ò妆容^挺利,不如紫毫柔軟,。 2,、狼毫筆這里的“狼”不是動(dòng)物園里的那種狼,而是黃鼠狼,。用黃鼠狼身上和尾巴上的毛制成的筆,,彈性比兔毫筆稍軟,比羊毫筆硬,,只是質(zhì)較脆,,不耐摩擦。 3,、鼠須筆是用老鼠的胡須做成,,所以性能堅(jiān)挺。相傳東晉王羲之就是用鼠須筆寫(xiě)《蘭亭序》的,。 其他硬毫筆,,如山馬毫、石獾毫,、豬鬃筆等,,筆性特別堅(jiān)硬,一般初學(xué)者尚未掌握運(yùn)筆規(guī)律,,不易選用,。 ②軟毫筆:筆性柔軟。軟毫筆的彈性較小,,較柔軟,。一般用羊毫、雞毫、胎毫等軟毫制成,。 1,、羊毫筆:羊毫筆是用山羊毫制成,其性能軟于紫毫筆,,由于羊毫較細(xì),、較長(zhǎng),適宜于寫(xiě)大楷及擘窠大字,。 2,、雞毫筆:雞毫筆是用雄雞前胸之毛制成,其性能軟于羊毫,。 3,、胎毫筆:胎毫是初生嬰兒的頭發(fā),其性能極柔軟,。南朝蕭子云就使用過(guò)胎毫筆,,可見(jiàn)其歷史之悠久,。 ③兼毫筆:筆性介于硬軟毫之間,。兼毫筆用硬毫、軟毫集在一起,,剛?cè)岵?jì),。 “兼毫”,顧名思義是兼而有之的意思,。亦即以硬毫為核心,、周邊裹以軟毫,筆性介于硬毫與軟毫之間,。一般將紫毫與羊毫按不同比例制成,。比方“三紫七羊”、“七紫三羊”,、和“五紫五羊”等,。也有用羊毫與狼毫合二為一制成的兼毫筆,以尺寸的大小分“小白云”,、“中白云”,、“大白云”。也有在大羊毫斗筆中加入豬鬃,,以加強(qiáng)其彈性,。 在選擇筆鋒時(shí),我們應(yīng)該選擇適當(dāng)?shù)拈L(zhǎng)短,,因?yàn)楣P鋒太長(zhǎng)不易于掌握,,但筆鋒長(zhǎng)可以含很多的墨水,適合寫(xiě)”草書(shū)“一氣呵成”,筆鋒長(zhǎng)可以保證墨的夠用,,反之,,筆鋒短適合寫(xiě)楷書(shū),易于掌握,。
選筆時(shí)也要顧及臨摹的碑帖,。所謂“用某家所用的筆,又寫(xiě)他那一種字”,。要判斷所使用的是那一種筆,,直接看他的字跡是最好的方法:風(fēng)格健勁的,選用健毫;姿媚豐腴的,,選用柔毫;剛?cè)犭y分的,,則選用兼毫。筆的特性亦影響寫(xiě)出來(lái)的書(shū)法,,如此才能臻乎書(shū)法之妙境,。
還有一點(diǎn)是字體大小方面,寫(xiě)大字用大筆,,寫(xiě)小字用小筆,。小筆寫(xiě)大字易損筆且不能使轉(zhuǎn)自如,大筆寫(xiě)小字則有點(diǎn)“殺雞用牛刀了”,。 楷體的選擇 初學(xué)者可以選擇歐體來(lái)進(jìn)行練習(xí),,歐體可臨摹書(shū)法名帖有《九成宮醴泉銘》、《化度寺碑》等各類(lèi)貼,,以及眾多書(shū)法集字貼,。供各位喜愛(ài)毛筆書(shū)法的朋友參考。 1,、柳體,。 柳體為唐楷中非常重要的一支,柳公權(quán)用其一生的心血,,博采眾長(zhǎng),,廣泛學(xué)習(xí),吸取百家之長(zhǎng),,形成別具一格的柳體字,。結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,書(shū)法挺拔,,正氣凌然,。對(duì)于初學(xué)者而言,選擇從柳體入手,,對(duì)運(yùn)筆,、審美、技法的提升,都非常明顯,。 2,、顏體。 顏體與柳體同屬于唐楷,,為唐朝大書(shū)法家顏真卿書(shū)法真跡,。顏體相比于柳體,顯得飽滿(mǎn)圓潤(rùn),,柳體則更加注重字體的骨感和力度,。追求瀟灑利索,可選擇柳體,;追求圓潤(rùn)豐滿(mǎn),,則可選擇顏體。 3,、歐體,。 歐陽(yáng)詢(xún)也是唐朝著名楷書(shū)大家,他所寫(xiě)書(shū)法字體,,稱(chēng)為歐體,。唐楷在中國(guó)書(shū)法文化史上的地位,幾乎無(wú)可撼動(dòng),。歐體體方圓兼施,,以方為主,,點(diǎn)畫(huà)勁挺,,筆力凝聚,也是楷書(shū)初學(xué)者不錯(cuò)的選擇,。 楷書(shū)基本筆畫(huà) 一,、點(diǎn) 頭尖、尾圓,、腹平,、背圓。
寫(xiě)法:1,、鋒尖落紙(可先將筆舔尖,,輕輕落筆)。2,、向右下將筆毫向兩邊鋪開(kāi),,筆漸下漸重。3,、到下半部,,將筆鋒稍提起,再放下向背部兜圍扭動(dòng)一下。4,、輕快有力地從下腹出鋒,。 點(diǎn)的寫(xiě)法要求:顧盼生姿、向背分明,。 二,、橫 頭方(斜)尾圓,中段略細(xì),。
寫(xiě)法:1,、筆鋒先從右向左逆行。2,、直(或稍斜)落筆,。3、通過(guò)提按使筆鋒回復(fù)中鋒,,沿著筆畫(huà)中線向右運(yùn)行,,中段稍提筆。4,、至結(jié)尾處筆鋒稍提起,,再向右下放下,像寫(xiě)點(diǎn)那樣,,兜圍扭動(dòng)一下,,然后迅速有力地向左收鋒。 注意:不能使勁頓筆,,中段與兩頭也不能一樣粗細(xì),,顯得僵直。 三,、豎 豎,,起支柱作用,要求寫(xiě)得勁挺有力,,像人胸腰挺起,。基本形式有垂露豎和懸針豎兩種,。
垂露豎:寫(xiě)法:1,、筆鋒向上逆行。2,、橫(或稍斜)落筆,,筆向右斜。3,、筆鋒輕輕向左右扭動(dòng)一下,,調(diào)整筆鋒然后向下行筆,。4、至尾部,,略提鋒,,從左向上收鋒。 懸針豎:寫(xiě)法與垂露豎的不同之處僅在于它在尾末要出鋒,。要點(diǎn):像一枚針,,寫(xiě)得粗壯,出鋒不宜太長(zhǎng)太細(xì),。 四,、撇 尾部略肥和上揚(yáng),姿態(tài)舒展,。
寫(xiě)法:1,、向上逆鋒而起。2,、斜落筆,。3、調(diào)整筆鋒,,讓中鋒緩緩行筆,。4、至尾部,,快而有力地出鋒,,使力送到撇尖。 短撇的寫(xiě)法:如“斤”“生”落筆后,,稍作扭動(dòng),,調(diào)整筆鋒,快速撇出,。 注意:忌“中途拔出”和“頭重尾飄”,,以女同志梳頭的速度和力度書(shū)寫(xiě)撇較適宜,。 漢字的筆畫(huà)大多是向右向下的,,右手寫(xiě)這些筆畫(huà)都較順手,唯獨(dú)撇是向左伸展的,,寫(xiě)起來(lái)較別扭,。這是寫(xiě)字的重點(diǎn)。 五,、捺 一波三折的姿態(tài),。一折:從頭到頸部。二折:頸到捺腳,。三折:捺腳到鋒尖,。一波:整筆有起有伏,。像波浪。
寫(xiě)法:1,、逆鋒而起,。2、輕輕向下落筆,。3,、略向左上起筆,至頸部,,鋒稍提使頸部略細(xì),。4、向右下漸漸將筆毫鋪開(kāi),,至捺腳處,。5、輕向左推,,調(diào)整筆鋒,,沉著痛快地?fù)P出鋒。 注意:1,、捺畫(huà)出線要直,。2、捺腳要有力,。3,、筆不能向下拖。
捺和撇往往同時(shí)存在,,連在一起練習(xí)為好,,如“大”“來(lái)”。 六,、鉤 鉤是其他筆畫(huà)的附著物,。
“豎左鉤”做到平、銳,、滿(mǎn),。即豎要平,鋒要銳,,鉤要飽滿(mǎn),。
寫(xiě)好一豎將要鉤出時(shí),先將筆鋒往上提,,使筆毫收聚,,放下,然后用力向左平推出來(lái),。 七,、挑 像反向的短撇,。
寫(xiě)法:1、逆鋒而起,。2,、斜落筆。3,、稍作扭動(dòng),,調(diào)整筆鋒。4,、快而有力地向右上方挑出,,送到筆畫(huà)的尖端。 %3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆字是指按傳統(tǒng)法度書(shū)寫(xiě)的字,,而不是用毛筆隨意寫(xiě)出的字,。書(shū)法是線條造型藝術(shù)。所謂毛筆筆法講的就是怎樣創(chuàng)造理想線條的用筆方法,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn5JUzO3AWAgv56aIawtVgJf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆字入門(mén)教程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn742QIVCSEbgG8n3mRErbBg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"執(zhí)筆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnXWe7LkWsoEfDn7OMApvqGf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"“把筆無(wú)定法,,要使虛而寬?!蔽逯笀?zhí)筆法:即以拇指和食指的指肚捏住筆桿(適當(dāng)高度),,保證筆桿不脫落;中指在食指下面搭在筆的外側(cè),,既加強(qiáng)食指捏筆的力量,,又發(fā)揮把筆往里鉤的作用;無(wú)名指的甲肉之際抵在筆桿內(nèi)側(cè),,起著把筆往外推的作用,;小指附在無(wú)名指的指肚下部,輔助無(wú)名指把筆往外推,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnakuNCQCVgBdROnRgpkahYc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、將手掌攤開(kāi)后大拇指向上,然后讓無(wú)名指和小指輕輕的向內(nèi)彎曲,,手指彎曲時(shí)要讓手掌保持平穩(wěn),。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn9ybI9NrxGI6W7eIKmMQCJh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"執(zhí)筆","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/befa545e35f144cb8b81db37dd26cc42","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnUZXxxPzMOlb5HPqjcJXmpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、將毛筆放在中指和無(wú)名指之間,,然后中指和食指自然貼合毛筆,,握筆的高度要距離筆根3-4cm。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAKtzfwu29KBun4gRV5mPpD"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"執(zhí)筆","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/86b09b77f1fa45a38f3e3973d947208d","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnusm1ukRhLCPTkvGqaF0ncf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3,、將大拇指放在中指和食指之間,,大拇指方向朝上方放置,,小指要緊挨無(wú)名指,,握筆時(shí)手心要留余地,初學(xué)者最開(kāi)始握毛筆可能會(huì)有所不舒服,稍加練習(xí)就會(huì)適應(yīng)了,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnVzsmeYmb5AKk6mNF5nQ2fb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"執(zhí)筆","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0877820102d74f1cb053caa78fe75331","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnVPyKkEeKoeq3DjaNjb1mHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"握筆時(shí)要如古人所說(shuō):“令掌虛如握卵”,,這樣便于運(yùn)筆,。學(xué)書(shū)要經(jīng)常練習(xí)握筆、鉤回,、推出和旋轉(zhuǎn)筆桿(加上腕的作用)練習(xí)畫(huà)直線和弧線,。執(zhí)筆的高低和是否懸腕,、懸肘,,由所書(shū)字的大小來(lái)決定,,小字低執(zhí),,枕腕;大字高執(zhí),,懸腕,;再大則需懸肘,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoOoKidkInVXKaWXHu93Zwc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":300,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"執(zhí)筆","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b050f8bb6e864f23a49ec87220c6ad2f","width":450},"text":"","id":"doxcnrgoCqwg2jilOJF66wiCrrG"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"磨墨","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnhyawZFdshTaLao86nvFFBd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、以清水逐漸加入","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnTWMSaRL170H2FtfKBcyE8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"研墨需加清水,,若水中混有雜質(zhì),,則磨出來(lái)的墨就不純了,。至于加水,最先不宜過(guò)多,以免將墨浸軟,,或墨汁四濺,,以逐漸加入為宜,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGujsTS5MnXDQKcQ0fwwqkT"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":305,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、以清水逐漸加入","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/50151b758b344f5293f9246eaf1f840d","width":580},"text":"","id":"doxcnbaIoq7GB0puhZkBq0dCK4d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、力勻而急緩適中","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnX8H4Ak8lhr11fnR7NVZRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"磨墨時(shí)用力過(guò)輕過(guò)重,太急太緩,,墨汁皆必粗而不勻。用力過(guò)輕,,速度太緩,,浪費(fèi)時(shí)間且墨浮;用力過(guò)重,,速度過(guò)急,,則墨粗而生沬,,色亦無(wú)光。正確的方法應(yīng)該是「指按推用力」,,輕重有節(jié),,切莫太急。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnH0VugBpmnsjCzBOukdQ2jd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":225,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、力勻而急緩適中","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5f32fc836e7649d9a7e7b5bea2bda527","width":400},"text":"","id":"doxcns67Dcx686BOupv1g0JgSSe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"3","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",、隨磨隨用","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIWYZkUNXUgGC6vbo1oEpFe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用墨必需新磨,因墨汁若放置一日以上,,膠與煤逐漸脫離,,墨光既乏光彩,又不能持久,,故以宿墨作書(shū),,極易褪色。而市面上所售的現(xiàn)成墨汁,,有些膠重滯筆,,有些則濃度太低,落紙極易化開(kāi),,防腐劑又多,,易損筆鋒,不宜采用,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn56wiDP9W0JAmi8HYrDgwxc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":502,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"3","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",、隨磨隨用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6b7a7fa807724707b720d973bd90bd88","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcn0O5vY37O7iuuZ8fiGkON4e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"紙張","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneahoKiaHwYTgNX0Fdsumah"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)毛筆字沒(méi)有薄紙臨摹,,可以用宣紙,、毛邊紙、報(bào)紙等,,最好是用宣紙,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnhxJoqJjYE6EGXClvhdEkIe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用宣紙題字作畫(huà),墨韻清晰,,層次分明,骨氣兼蓄,,氣勢(shì)溢秀,,濃而不渾,,淡而不灰,其字其畫(huà),,躍然紙上,,神采飛揚(yáng),,飛目生輝,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoOiIoGtNOhMYzRKSRejX6d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":267,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"紙張","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2131e7b8ff8549f4a90f9983e55e46f3","width":467},"text":"","id":"doxcnyvr67ICMoQLHj654jtdQUc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"宣紙分為生宣、半熟宣,、熟宣,。生宣吸水性和沁水性都強(qiáng),,易產(chǎn)生豐富的墨韻變化,,以之行潑墨法、積墨法,,能收水暈?zāi)?、達(dá)到水走墨流之藝術(shù)效果。寫(xiě)意山水多用它,。熟宣是加工時(shí)用明礬等涂過(guò),,故紙質(zhì)較生宣為硬,吸水能力弱,,使得使用時(shí)墨和色不會(huì)洇散開(kāi)來(lái),。因此特性,使得熟宣宜于繪工筆畫(huà)而非水墨寫(xiě)意畫(huà),。半熟宣也是從生宣加工而成,,吸水能力界乎前兩者之間,適合寫(xiě)小楷,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8T4hssrlXhUucH8JDMEMvd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"筆法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwPfg1NqA2LMJ7DfdsjHjjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆書(shū)法","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"是線條造型藝術(shù),。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"所謂筆法主要的就是怎樣創(chuàng)造理想線條(點(diǎn)畫(huà))的用筆方法。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"中國(guó)書(shū)法主要都以線條表現(xiàn),,要使書(shū)法的線條點(diǎn)畫(huà)富有變化,,必先講究執(zhí)筆,在運(yùn)筆時(shí)掌握輕重,、快慢,、偏正、曲直等方法,,稱(chēng)為“筆法”,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnF5YjIkV1rxvxlyQsrJOt2d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":281,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"筆法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2746296b733541dda9e90128287b13c1","width":439},"text":"","id":"doxcnHUwjdiW4M8ur9PJ0bQHgHd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"提按","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnpP2m8uXegXy2mqTD8vCPgn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"筆按下去寫(xiě),筆劃就粗,,提起來(lái)就細(xì),。就像人走路的兩只腳,一只落下,一只提起,,不停地交替一樣,,筆在寫(xiě)字的過(guò)程中也在不停地提按。惟其如此,,才能產(chǎn)生出粗細(xì)絕不相同的線條來(lái),。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4xmJgImF2m6d0Pj17ihaef"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":281,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提按","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/357c68ecc46940a0b8b6ee113dd0d01e","width":439},"text":"","id":"doxcnlApEbRgRRq5yo7sg6Vynob"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"筆畫(huà)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn3ySgAavRc9cKhPxsqMWa8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"每寫(xiě)一個(gè)筆畫(huà),都有入筆,、行筆,、收筆三個(gè)過(guò)程。入筆有“露鋒”法,,順筆而入,,使筆畫(huà)開(kāi)端呈尖形或方形;有“藏鋒法”,,逆鋒入筆,,橫畫(huà)欲右先左,豎畫(huà)欲下先上,,使筆鋒藏在筆畫(huà)中,,筆畫(huà)開(kāi)端基本呈圓形。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYOvELdFA32ubihl1UUPNZe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":144,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"筆畫(huà)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a582abd632f34adfa898ab44f9a5cd7d","width":214},"text":"","id":"doxcnj5wuAtrlbyLLMO64fP9Tag"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行筆要學(xué)會(huì)“中鋒用筆”,,使鋒尖常在點(diǎn)劃中間運(yùn)行,。為使筆畫(huà)有力度,還要學(xué)會(huì)澀勢(shì)用筆,,行中留,,留中行,避免浮華,。收筆有“露鋒”(把筆逐漸提出紙面,,畫(huà)呈尖形,如懸針豎,、撇,、捺、鉤),,有“藏鋒”(將筆尖收回畫(huà)中,,如垂露豎,筆畫(huà)尾端呈圓形),。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnb0cs4Ke4DPoDf0Egx8bXWf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"結(jié)字","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnbOTojroI3SeadXnip5bKLg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"結(jié)字又叫結(jié)體或間架結(jié)構(gòu),。啟功先生曾指出,寫(xiě)毛筆字一要把握間架結(jié)構(gòu),,二要練好筆畫(huà)特點(diǎn),。間架結(jié)構(gòu)比點(diǎn)畫(huà)特點(diǎn)重要,。間架好的字,筆畫(huà)特點(diǎn)不突出,,也還順眼,;反過(guò)來(lái)就不行了。因此,,認(rèn)真研究并把握好字的結(jié)體規(guī)律十分重要,。所謂“初學(xué)分布,但求平正”,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneg7xNvdMcspUHydGW8mqHh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":153,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"結(jié)字","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6d21a36439f346cfb6f1aed54bb27104","width":207},"text":"","id":"doxcn8nTG5ev7hrYjbfwkoJCPWB"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"入手","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnpmJT9E29uRLjcctbSV8vb2"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)寫(xiě)字應(yīng)先從楷書(shū)或隸書(shū)入手,。掌握各種筆法后再學(xué)其它書(shū)體就有了基礎(chǔ)。臨帖是練好字的必需手段,。不臨帖,,全憑自己想法隨意寫(xiě),是上不了路子的,。學(xué)寫(xiě)毛筆字一定要有恒心與毅力,,要持之以恒,戒驕戒躁,,不能一曝十寒。常說(shuō):“只要工夫深,,鐵杵磨成針”,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYHHo48qZzxd9E8dDUh6C6b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":252,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"入手","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c380555f2894ab1b6351bdb7d707643","width":517},"text":"","id":"doxcnplCdUN1IKOqYBynEREOq5H"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆楷書(shū)入門(mén)教程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxE6y8CxxdJBGSNa3lDaqye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常言道,“學(xué)書(shū)先學(xué)楷,,功到自然成”,。通過(guò)楷書(shū)入門(mén)扎實(shí)基礎(chǔ),才能在學(xué)習(xí)行書(shū)時(shí)走起來(lái),,學(xué)習(xí)草書(shū)時(shí)跑起來(lái)而不飄忽,。當(dāng)然這是一個(gè)很漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程,任何東西的學(xué)習(xí)都是由慢到快,、由簡(jiǎn)到繁的過(guò)程,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6YHBijAtRWrIqjwIlwSqPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"孫過(guò)庭在《書(shū)譜》中說(shuō),“初學(xué)分布,,當(dāng)求平正,,既只平正,務(wù)追險(xiǎn)絕,,既能險(xiǎn)絕,,復(fù)歸平正?!?學(xué)習(xí)書(shū)法,,就是學(xué)習(xí)書(shū)法中動(dòng)靜關(guān)系,。可以說(shuō),,選擇楷書(shū)作為書(shū)法入,,是實(shí)用和藝術(shù)并重的最佳選擇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnZxnOT4DqBLdfkKpL8hiJ4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的選擇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnNgXcqx83yrmnLxTSyDj1Pe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"寫(xiě)毛筆字也是一門(mén)藝術(shù),,毛筆字最重要的就是遇到合適的毛筆,,這樣用起來(lái)也是比較順手的。毛筆有長(zhǎng)的有短的,,毛尖不一樣,,手感不一樣寫(xiě)出來(lái)的字的感覺(jué)也是不一樣的,選擇合適的即可,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnPI473izeNmpriSGRmsOWxe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":576,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的選擇","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f2781582d729408ea9c497bd1c7494e8","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcn9Q7yi2Zi1VXsTQ8lu8IZi0"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"一","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"支","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"好的毛筆要具備“尖,、齊、圓,、健”四德,。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYISCtlEA9XSmUEuEV9uKee"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"尖:筆毫聚合時(shí),筆鋒要能收尖,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfALC3qlBKwZ9HonalPUAfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"齊:將筆頭沾水捏扁,,","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"筆端","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的毛整齊無(wú)不齊現(xiàn)象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4u8iUPlQdFF8yjiqayFzJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"圓:筆肚周?chē)?,筆毫飽滿(mǎn)圓潤(rùn),,呈圓錐狀,不扁不瘦,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxuqguujexwoiOIB360S3Vf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"?。汗P毛有彈性,筆毛鋪開(kāi)后易于收攏,,筆力要健,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8ZO1bjOF58087NHUt1UWxb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)很多,在初次學(xué)習(xí)時(shí),,希望你選用“兼毫”的湖筆,。因?yàn)榧婧恋暮P,筆芯硬,,易于掌握,,對(duì)你以后的學(xué)習(xí)很重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn95rGSeE17KLrOPaw8KdQof"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqPR4G6OwmGp1uTcBMH22Oc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①硬毫筆:筆性剛健,,毛彈性較大,,常見(jiàn)的有兔毫、狼毫,、鼠須,、石獾毫,、山馬毫、豬鬃等,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn5smnNMDKbuWYp9wYTWIPCd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、兔毫筆歷史悠久,在長(zhǎng)沙出土的戰(zhàn)國(guó)筆就是用兔毫制成的,。它是將筆干一頭劈開(kāi)數(shù)片,,把筆頭插入后再用絲線緊扎而成。兔毫又分紫毫和花白兩種,。紫毫是取兔子背脊(又稱(chēng)箭毫)和尾巴上的毫毛制成,,質(zhì)軟而毫健?;ò妆容^挺利,,不如紫毫柔軟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnzROTpX0kgTcMH6mNzuzOf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":458,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/11c63bc3b3154df08d99a1188b5780d2","width":750},"text":"","id":"doxcnqryAL7ezrjuruBxiavdQvc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、狼毫筆這里的“狼”不是動(dòng)物園里的那種狼,,而是黃鼠狼。用黃鼠狼身上和尾巴上的毛制成的筆,,彈性比兔毫筆稍軟,,比羊毫筆硬,只是質(zhì)較脆,,不耐摩擦,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUOgqPfoxvu8WjaWsqPbDWc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f09ee2547d284ee4846304b273948b0f","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn1g3sVJVyT72OMmZxHsxOLg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、鼠須筆是用老鼠的胡須做成,,所以性能堅(jiān)挺。相傳東晉王羲之就是用鼠須筆寫(xiě)《蘭亭序》的,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkTZQofo3EXeOV25bAtFYQg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/baae379a883f4faf8e89f1e34f7c7840","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn9aooHGTXUvUZ4qyg6pr2Bd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"其他硬毫筆,,如山馬毫、石獾毫,、豬鬃筆等,,筆性特別堅(jiān)硬,一般初學(xué)者尚未掌握運(yùn)筆規(guī)律,,不易選用,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneVbzPG9W3iBqK5hl4Xd3We"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②軟毫筆:筆性柔軟。軟毫筆的彈性較小,,較柔軟,。一般用羊毫、雞毫,、胎毫等軟毫制成,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcndNc7MJ8gn4AnYt9Xu3JlrT"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1,、羊毫筆:羊毫筆是用山羊毫制成,其性能軟于紫毫筆,,由于羊毫較細(xì),、較長(zhǎng),適宜于寫(xiě)大楷及擘窠大字,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuWLP9wBkUdjjQhtTslG1zc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1758fef3e9584b42994f1196ffe4e1f7","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn74WVZGp5fvHFMLvGF4uB6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、雞毫筆:雞毫筆是用雄雞前胸之毛制成,其性能軟于羊毫,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncnrbCAXbVmERodmjCgIFzf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ac25accc98794756a7a123fb0d454cb9","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcndJ4GXM92Xb7LvNdvxj5q5t"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3,、胎毫筆:胎毫是初生嬰兒的頭發(fā),其性能極柔軟,。南朝","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"蕭子云","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"就使用過(guò)胎毫筆,,可見(jiàn)其歷史之悠久。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKn44Uo3XGTN4DWYTe2EZ9b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6d3ff2cf2ccd4832af63a3b79d414c79","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcncw7bXSJk6VPixt7CaW9Xkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③兼毫筆:筆性介于硬軟毫之間,。兼毫筆用硬毫,、軟毫集在一起,剛?cè)岵?jì),。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn78rdo5PU1egndjc5rTk7td"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"“兼毫”,,顧名思義是兼而有之的意思。亦即以硬毫為核心,、周邊裹以軟毫,,筆性介于硬毫與軟毫之間。一般將紫毫與羊毫按不同比例制成,。比方“三紫七羊”,、“七紫三羊”、和“五紫五羊”等,。也有用羊毫與狼毫合二為一制成的兼毫筆,,以尺寸的大小分“小白云”、“中白云”,、“大白云”,。也有在大羊毫斗筆中加入豬鬃,以加強(qiáng)其彈性,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnjYZmUCiA7hMuvSMIBYkbBg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"毛筆的種類(lèi)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7f40adef05a942dc94a06cc86da6fe73","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnUVtvBgBxiJnjhSELGFlyIh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在選擇筆鋒時(shí),,我們應(yīng)該選擇適當(dāng)?shù)拈L(zhǎng)短,因?yàn)楣P鋒太長(zhǎng)不易于掌握,,但筆鋒長(zhǎng)可以含很多的墨水,,適合寫(xiě)”草書(shū)“一氣呵成”,筆鋒長(zhǎng)可以保證墨的夠用,反之,,筆鋒短適合寫(xiě)楷書(shū),,易于掌握。\\n選筆時(shí)也要顧及臨摹的碑帖,。所謂“用某家所用的筆,,又寫(xiě)他那一種字”。要判斷所使用的是那一種筆,,直接看他的字跡是最好的方法:風(fēng)格健勁的,,選用健毫;姿媚豐腴的,選用柔毫;剛?cè)犭y分的,,則選用兼毫,。筆的特性亦影響寫(xiě)出來(lái)的書(shū)法,如此才能臻乎書(shū)法之妙境,。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"還有一點(diǎn)是字體大小方面,,寫(xiě)大字用大筆,寫(xiě)小字用小筆,。小筆寫(xiě)大字易損筆且不能使轉(zhuǎn)自如,,大筆寫(xiě)小字則有點(diǎn)“殺雞用牛刀了”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnTcr9QOU9iqTvpDMRVBmoSP"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"楷體的選擇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfTwPEKFHenSkAczGROw7ck"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"初學(xué)者可以選擇歐體來(lái)進(jìn)行練習(xí),,歐體可臨摹書(shū)法名帖有《九成宮醴泉銘》,、《化度寺碑》等各類(lèi)貼,以及眾多書(shū)法集字貼,。供各位喜愛(ài)毛筆書(shū)法的朋友參考,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn780vfoptPdd8AEZff7tD6e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":581,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"楷體的選擇","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ee643d493c0f4ed6b1bc960ef8a22a73","width":734},"text":"","id":"doxcnpHWQCAyJHc9RF5by3IoTme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、柳體,。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnVg5oJvuWFhXpTHRHo1qPFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"柳體為唐楷中非常重要的一支,,柳公權(quán)用其一生的心血,博采眾長(zhǎng),,廣泛學(xué)習(xí),,吸取百家之長(zhǎng),形成別具一格的柳體字,。結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,書(shū)法挺拔,,正氣凌然,。對(duì)于初學(xué)者而言,選擇從柳體入手,,對(duì)運(yùn)筆,、審美、技法的提升,,都非常明顯,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8JXKeHmiJyjT1m61eqtT6b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":254,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"楷體的選擇","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4f567bfedd644e82af8686d2599c93a5","width":617},"text":"","id":"doxcn7nI9Kn1mEeG718zT7RgzEc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2,、顏體。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4kBcm34jawb2nQ9OxfxLpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顏體與柳體同屬于唐楷,,為唐朝大書(shū)法家顏真卿書(shū)法真跡,。顏體相比于柳體,顯得飽滿(mǎn)圓潤(rùn),,柳體則更加注重字體的骨感和力度,。追求瀟灑利索,可選擇柳體,;追求圓潤(rùn)豐滿(mǎn),,則可選擇顏體。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn7RaMba2tlJFM29xAUyLv7d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":467,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"楷體的選擇","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/45b3406663af41c8b05934e7794f9128","width":749},"text":"","id":"doxcnjeDMerBlAdn1PES9qJIMdh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3,、歐體,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxta6D42eL7HCaVD8zxaW0d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"歐陽(yáng)詢(xún)也是唐朝著名楷書(shū)大家,他所寫(xiě)書(shū)法字體,,稱(chēng)為歐體,。唐楷在中國(guó)書(shū)法文化史上的地位,幾乎無(wú)可撼動(dòng),。歐體體方圓兼施,,以方為主,點(diǎn)畫(huà)勁挺,,筆力凝聚,,也是楷書(shū)初學(xué)者不錯(cuò)的選擇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4oP7NpNMwdJ9CoPfLlQmTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":364,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"楷體的選擇","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9ea09b45c17d45369272cadb7e64a734","width":554},"text":"","id":"doxcnWqDdkRJPLXNG4OFmc3zyph"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"楷書(shū)基本筆畫(huà)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnn33HXdEJ6ZwSvYhU2ed91e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"一,、點(diǎn)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnBUWbCYy0GaK7KnX6t7rlDh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"頭尖,、尾圓、腹平,、背圓,。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"寫(xiě)法:1、鋒尖落紙(可先將筆舔尖,,輕輕落筆),。2、向右下將筆毫向兩邊鋪開(kāi),,筆漸下漸重,。3、到下半部,,將筆鋒稍提起,,再放下向背部兜圍扭動(dòng)一下。4、輕快有力地從下腹出鋒,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncngnlJxsFa2o03hbqp6rOe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"一,、點(diǎn)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c902311756c34b349073a0518a66fee1","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnONP8m2Vq8Oh0sUfpkQaVab"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"點(diǎn)的寫(xiě)法要求:顧盼生姿、向背分明,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnTZJlWqvko3MEXoBE3KPkJc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"二,、橫","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGqPo1vbMltDwPhAlqoZf7n"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"頭方(斜)尾圓,中段略細(xì),。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"寫(xiě)法:1,、筆鋒先從右向左逆行。2,、直(或稍斜)落筆,。3、通過(guò)提按使筆鋒回復(fù)中鋒,,沿著筆畫(huà)中線向右運(yùn)行,,中段稍提筆。4,、至結(jié)尾處筆鋒稍提起,,再向右下放下,像寫(xiě)點(diǎn)那樣,,兜圍扭動(dòng)一下,,然后迅速有力地向左收鋒。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneeX1IJDUjzARH4q1fk7kPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:不能使勁頓筆,,中段與兩頭也不能一樣粗細(xì),,顯得僵直。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnslEMzb5aqUFWQytHVswu9d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":774,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"二,、橫","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/704fbe7db0424ea6bbcce59ed1862719","width":800},"text":"","id":"doxcnVuuqvBj11AZEqwpbRgZ3Sh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"三,、豎","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnbVtybQAAD1LEMqJgAD5ild"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"豎,起支柱作用,,要求寫(xiě)得勁挺有力,,像人胸腰挺起?;拘问接写孤敦Q和懸針豎兩種,。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"垂露豎:寫(xiě)法:1、筆鋒向上逆行,。2,、橫(或稍斜)落筆,筆向右斜,。3、筆鋒輕輕向左右扭動(dòng)一下,調(diào)整筆鋒然后向下行筆,。4,、至尾部,略提鋒,,從左向上收鋒,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnxTVSqxNPeJnzB99H1tHKh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":676,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"三、豎","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0ffade7b1612421dbad78118b896b2eb","width":884},"text":"","id":"doxcnnlerDTqHN8QUhHIDa6eRxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"懸針豎:寫(xiě)法與垂露豎的不同之處僅在于它在尾末要出鋒,。要點(diǎn):像一枚針,,寫(xiě)得粗壯,出鋒不宜太長(zhǎng)太細(xì),。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn45irM2eVwPgck1XwoWinvf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":364,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"三,、豎","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ef4f650e6f344ec0a509c16c4d5ffb34","width":522},"text":"","id":"doxcn1WneovME0GFq0dJjdl6xSh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"四、撇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnk0MjEcs75jqPVfMTsl0j6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"尾部略肥和上揚(yáng),,姿態(tài)舒展,。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"寫(xiě)法:1、向上逆鋒而起,。2,、斜落筆。3,、調(diào)整筆鋒,,讓中鋒緩緩行筆。4,、至尾部,,快而有力地出鋒,使力送到撇尖,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKHLBeQHqoW5lFSymF3guPf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":734,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"四,、撇","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c34f50847845490091494e17d2c30cb3","width":998},"text":"","id":"doxcnzBoySvGBNlnLhss24ggyIc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"短撇的寫(xiě)法:如“斤”“生”落筆后,稍作扭動(dòng),,調(diào)整筆鋒,,快速撇出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIvchwZD2yyjF8biIL11Hwg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"四,、撇","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d41171d56c5349abb6cd55acefe9af2c","width":368},"text":"","id":"doxcn9P4drfUfFgnC4NUa2tNfNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:忌“中途拔出”和“頭重尾飄”,,以女同志梳頭的速度和力度書(shū)寫(xiě)撇較適宜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnlMnbEcL0HSxf8H40RBzKFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"漢字的筆畫(huà)大多是向右向下的,,右手寫(xiě)這些筆畫(huà)都較順手,,唯獨(dú)撇是向左伸展的,寫(xiě)起來(lái)較別扭,。這是寫(xiě)字的重點(diǎn),。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnJ7bNPotGn4xYX87Uuwaoze"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"五,、捺","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnn37Qwryis2MqX2PFUPcZ9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一波三折的姿態(tài)。一折:從頭到頸部,。二折:頸到捺腳,。三折:捺腳到鋒尖。一波:整筆有起有伏,。像波浪,。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"寫(xiě)法:1、逆鋒而起,。2,、輕輕向下落筆。3,、略向左上起筆,,至頸部,鋒稍提使頸部略細(xì),。4,、向右下漸漸將筆毫鋪開(kāi),至捺腳處,。5,、輕向左推,調(diào)整筆鋒,,沉著痛快地?fù)P出鋒,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS6AJbZCTWP8TbC8iKHPxhT"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"五、捺","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/27c6ab71f4ae4680922487870efb841f","width":368},"text":"","id":"doxcnhr7PeQvNNe9igtuYUBovlc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:1,、捺畫(huà)出線要直,。2、捺腳要有力,。3,、筆不能向下拖。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"捺和撇往往同時(shí)存在,,連在一起練習(xí)為好,,如“大”“來(lái)”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuPAqtqfg8tSzUe9e95nu5o"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"六,、鉤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQfnQDlnbVU4Eu3rP7FCDuz"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鉤是其他筆畫(huà)的附著物,。\\n“豎左鉤”做到平、銳,、滿(mǎn),。即豎要平,鋒要銳,,鉤要飽滿(mǎn),。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"寫(xiě)好一豎將要鉤出時(shí),,先將筆鋒往上提,使筆毫收聚,,放下,,然后用力向左平推出來(lái)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW1prVVEYvZhAtOOOyiNh3e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":680,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"六,、鉤","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a35004b2a33e4a988627f770e8085777","width":792},"text":"","id":"doxcnHzXErHRQierv5MlWSPo7Gg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"七、挑","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMNtx304ST4tSLgb27jTrTg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"像反向的短撇,。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"寫(xiě)法:1,、逆鋒而起。2,、斜落筆,。3、稍作扭動(dòng),,調(diào)整筆鋒,。4、快而有力地向右上方挑出,,送到筆畫(huà)的尖端,。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMBpBts0Qt63ZtKAUKALSGg"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E
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