1. 海洋環(huán)境的污染

　　來自長(zhǎng)江和省內(nèi)6大水系所攜帶的大量工農(nóng)業(yè)廢水和生活污水排入海中，使我省87％的近岸海域受到不同程度的污染,，基本已無(wú)I類海水,，沿海特別是河口海水中無(wú)機(jī)氮和無(wú)機(jī)磷嚴(yán)重超標(biāo),，海水中磷酸鹽合量在沿海省,、自治區(qū)和直轄市中排居首位,。

近岸海底沉積物中氮,、磷超標(biāo)嚴(yán)重，成為海水二次污染的潛在危害源,。另外,，個(gè)別海域（如杭州灣和舟山海域）船舶排污及碰撞漏油，海上石油開采溢油等加劇了近岸海域的污染,，有機(jī)污染和重金屬也對(duì)海水水質(zhì)產(chǎn)生明顯的影響,。

　　海洋災(zāi)害頻繁——每年發(fā)生大小赤潮近20次

　　我省是風(fēng)暴潮、赤潮等海洋災(zāi)害最為嚴(yán)重的省份之一,。每年因臺(tái)風(fēng)給我省海洋漁業(yè)造成的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失在數(shù)十億元以上,。由于海水水質(zhì)下降和富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化，導(dǎo)致赤潮災(zāi)害發(fā)生的頻率逐年上升,，給我省的海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來巨大的損失,，近年來，每年發(fā)生的大小赤潮災(zāi)害近20次,，年直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失達(dá)數(shù)億元,。

　　圍海造地——許多珍稀瀕危野生生物絕跡，破壞生態(tài)

　　我省沿海灘涂資源359．04萬(wàn)畝,，主要分布在錢塘江和杭州灣兩岸,，以及各海灣,。由于不合理的圍海造地,，使沿海自然灘涂濕地面積縮減，不僅破壞了多種鳥類的棲息地,，也使重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)魚,、蝦、蟹和貝類生息,、繁衍場(chǎng)所消失,，許多珍稀瀕危野生生物絕跡，而且大大降低了灘涂濕地調(diào)節(jié)氣候,、儲(chǔ)水分洪,、抵御風(fēng)暴潮、凈化地表徑流及護(hù)岸保田等的能力,，同時(shí)改變了海區(qū)的水動(dòng)力方向,，加速了航道和港口的淤積。

　　海洋食物鏈已經(jīng)遭到嚴(yán)重破壞——經(jīng)濟(jì)魚類資源大幅度降低

　　隨著海洋開發(fā)話動(dòng)的增多,，海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境遭受破壞,，使生物多樣性衰減,，某些生物種類已近絕跡，傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)魚類資源大幅度降低,，再也形不成漁汛,，海洋食物鏈已經(jīng)遭到嚴(yán)重破壞。東海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)物種嚴(yán)重衰竭,，整體結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生顯著變異,，系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部自我調(diào)節(jié)的能力受到嚴(yán)重?fù)p害。

　　請(qǐng)勿將廢水和生活垃圾直接排入海中

　　造成海水如此惡劣的污染源主要有陸上和海上兩大類,。陸上污染源主要是工業(yè)污水,、居民的生活廢水以及農(nóng)田中使用的農(nóng)藥通過河流流入大海，沿海企業(yè)和居民直接將污水和廢水排入海中,。海上的污染源主要有船舶上和港口的油污和生活廢水,，養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)、海洋工程,、海岸工程產(chǎn)生的污染,。

為了使我們的海域不再受污染，省有關(guān)部門已經(jīng)頒布了一系列的政策法規(guī)對(duì)海域污染進(jìn)行了治理,。同時(shí)也提醒沿海的居民不要將廢水和生活垃圾直接排入海中,，出海的漁民應(yīng)該把該回收的都要回收，而不要一丟完事,。

2. 海洋環(huán)境的污染程度

具體如下：

1,、垃圾污染

工業(yè)冷卻水和工程殘土、垃圾及疏浚泥等,。前者入海后能提高局部海區(qū)的水溫,，使溶解氧的含量降低 ，影響生物的新陳代謝,，甚至使生物群落發(fā)生改變,；后者可破壞海濱環(huán)境和海洋生物的棲息環(huán)境。

2,、噪聲污染

利用天然聲納進(jìn)行導(dǎo)航和捕獵,，讓無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物深受其害?？碧酱a(chǎn)生的聲音污染對(duì)頭足類動(dòng)物以及其他海洋動(dòng)物的生存造成不利影響,。

3、過度捕撈

人類的捕魚活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致海洋中生存的某種魚類種群不足以繁殖并補(bǔ)充種群數(shù)量?，F(xiàn)代漁業(yè)捕獲的海洋生物已經(jīng)超過生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能夠平衡彌補(bǔ)的數(shù)量,，結(jié)果使整個(gè)海洋系統(tǒng)生態(tài)退化。

4,、冰川融化

由于冰蓋的融化,，奇特的低鹽度海水正在慢慢的消失,，截止到2002年， 96%的低鹽度棲居環(huán)境已經(jīng)消失殆盡,。大部分以冰川徑流作為供水源的地區(qū)將會(huì)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的缺水危機(jī),。

5、石油泄漏污染

石油污染在海洋表面形成面積廣大的油膜,，阻止空氣中的氧氣向海水中溶解,，同時(shí)石油的分解也消耗水中的溶解氧，造成海水缺氧,，對(duì)海洋生物產(chǎn)生危害,，并禍及海鳥和人類。

3. 海洋環(huán)境的污染使哪些物種消失

海洋中生活許許多多各種各樣的微生物,，它們是以單細(xì)胞或以群體形式存在,，能獨(dú)立生活的生物，包括病毒,、細(xì)菌,、真菌、單細(xì)胞藻類及原生動(dòng)物等等,。但按狹意所指僅為病毒,、細(xì)菌和真菌等。目前研究較多的是細(xì)菌,。微生物體積大多非常微,，需在顯微鏡下才能看見。如海洋細(xì)菌,，它的直經(jīng)大多僅為幾個(gè)微米到零點(diǎn)幾個(gè)微米,。海洋微生物種類繁多，數(shù)量頗大,。如膠州灣每毫升海水中生活著幾百個(gè),，多至幾千萬(wàn)個(gè)細(xì)菌。它們對(duì)我們生活及工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)有著極為密切的關(guān)系,。

首先海洋微生物是海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要成員，參與海洋中物質(zhì)循環(huán),，如果沒有這些微生物,，那么海洋中生物尸體無(wú)法分解。生物所必須營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素逐漸枯竭,，生命無(wú)法繁延,。同時(shí)海洋微生物在消除海洋中污染物質(zhì)、海洋自凈過程中起著重要作用,。如能將石油降解成水和二氧化碳的類氧化菌,，能分解有機(jī)酸等有機(jī)物的光合細(xì)菌,，還有許多細(xì)菌能分解農(nóng)藥。海洋中污染物質(zhì)幾乎都能被微生物分解,，只是速度快慢而已,。海洋中還有許多微生物的代謝產(chǎn)物可用作藥物、酶制劑等微生物制劑,。

但是海洋中也有一些微生物對(duì)人類是有害的,。如夏天我們吃了不新鮮的又沒有很好煮孰的蛤蜊等貝類，能引起嘔吐和腹瀉,，這主要是貝類中生活著付溶血孤菌之故,，水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖中魚、蝦,、貝,、藻等病害發(fā)生，大多也是由于感染了致病微生物造成的,；另外,，港口、碼頭,、船只污損都是有微生物作用的結(jié)果,。

4. 海洋環(huán)境的污染與保護(hù)論文

海洋是地球的主體、生命的搖籃,、人類文明的源泉,。地球表面分屬為陸地和海洋。如以大地水準(zhǔn)面為基準(zhǔn),，陸地面積占地表總面積的29.2％,；海洋面積占地表總面積的70.8％。海陸面積之比為2.5：1,。世界大洋通常被分為四大部分,，即太平洋、大西洋,、印度洋和北冰洋,。浩瀚的海洋蘊(yùn)藏著十分豐富的海洋生物資源，有人推算,，海洋向人類提供食物的能力,，相當(dāng)于全世界陸地耕地面積所提供食物的1000 倍。

5. 海洋環(huán)境的污染英語(yǔ)

Pollution

Sea pollution is becoming an increasing problem for our planet and we have a responsibility to reduce sea pollution.

I need to describe the problem. Our ship currently dumps all its rubbish into the sea.It's easy to result in huge endanger. First of all, Non-organic substances such as plastic bags kill fish and whales. Because fish get trapped and whales cannot digest them. Secondly some rubbish is inherently toxic.

I can suggest some solutions. First and foremost we can create a better system of disposing of rubbish for instance. We ought to store rubbish. Next, we are supposed to make ships environmentally and friendly. A case in point is that we should stop providing plastic bags.

We must act now before it is too late!

海洋污染英語(yǔ)作文二：Reduce Sea Pollution

Several problems are caused by the non-organic substance. We ought not to pour wastes into the ocean, because it not only pollutes the ocean, but also lead to a series of harmful consequence. First and foremost, the non-organnic things, for instance, plastic bags, may kill fish and whales. Second, fishes can't digest them. Finally, some of the rubbish is inherently toxic, they will posion marine life.

We must take actions to protect our whale from dying. One thing we should do is creating a better system of disposing of rubbish. Another effective solution is making ships environmentally friendly. Sypermarkets shall stop the giving of plastic bags.

As a captain of the ship, you should spare no efforts to think more helpful ideas and stop dumping rubbish from now on. We all need to raise awareness of these problems. It now becomes necessary that we must act now, before it is too late!

海洋污染英語(yǔ)作文三：Sea pollution

Between 75 and 80% of marine pollution is caused by land, particularly agriculture. 30% of this is from the atmosphere. Around 12% of the pollution is caused by maritime transport.

In South America, 98% of domestic wastewater ends up, untreated, in the sea. The countries along the Mediterranean Sea throw 50 million tons of waste into it every year and the Chinese throw 60 million tons of waste into the Yellow sea daily. Over half of the hydrocarbon discharge comes from continents, 5% comes from oil tanker accidents, 20% comes from waste and other ship-related accidents, 4% from sea exploitation and 11 to 15% is due to natural causes. Accidental pollution through hydrocarbon is significantly decreasing and only represents a small percentage of waste through degassing estimated at between 1.5 and 3 million tons of oil a year. In 2003, according to the WWF, between 0.7 and 1.3 million tons of oil were spread by degassing in the Mediterranean. According to the Ifremer (the French Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), coastal water pollution cost the world economy almost 12.8 billion dollars in 2006.

Marine pollution is the result of products being thrown into seas and oceans, mostly by mnkind: domestic waste (sewage and rubbish, pollutants in runoff water...), industrial waste (hydrocarbons, metals, synthetic chemical and organic substances, radionuclides...) and agricultural waste (fertilisers, pesticides...).

This includes water pollution and marine sediments, and more generally all damage to marine ecosystems caused by harmful substances being discharged into the sea, either by their nature or their quantity.

海洋污染英語(yǔ)作文四：Sea Pollution

Marine environment is one in water, seawater tolerance hydrolyzate and suspended solids, seabed sediment and marine organisms, including complex systems. Ocean rich biological resources, mineral resources, chemical resources and power resources is an indispensable resource treasure house of human beings, with human survival and development of the relationship very close.

The main objective of the current marine conservation is to protect the living marine resources, so as not to failure, in order for human sustainable use. In particular, give priority to protect those valuable and critically endangered marine life. According to the UN for investigation, due to overfishing, accidental capture and killing of non-target to allow hunting of marine, coastal shoreline construction, mangrove deforestation, widespread marine pollution, at least the world's 25 most valuable fishery resources depleted, whales, sea turtles, manatees and many other marine animals face extinction risk. Is expected that with the expansion of the scale of ocean development,Marine living resources are likely to cause more damage.

The task of the first marine protected right to stop over-exploitation of living marine resources and secondly to protect the habitat of marine life or habitat, in particular, their migration, spawning, foraging, avoiding predators coast, tidal flats, estuaries, coral reefs, it is necessary to prevent the heavy metals, pesticides, oil, organic and easy to produce nutrients such as eutrophication of marine pollution. Preservation of the marine living resources of the natural regeneration capacity and water purification capacity, preservation of the marine ecological balance, to ensure sustainable human development and utilization of the oceans.

海洋污染英語(yǔ)作文五：Polluting the seas

The seas and oceans receive the brunt of human waste, whether it is by deliberate dumping or by natural run-off from the land.

In fact over 80% of all marine pollution comes from land-based activities and many pollutants are deposited in estuaries and coastal waters. Here the pollutants enter marine food chains, building up their concentrations until they reach toxic levels. It often takes human casualties to alert us to pollution and such was the case in Minimata Bay in Japan when many people died as a result of a pollutant building up in food chains. A factory was discharging waste containing methyl mercury in low concentrations into the sea and as this pollutant passed through food chains it became more concentrated in the tissues of marine organisms until it reached toxic levels.

As a consequence 649 people died from eating fish and shellfish contaminated with mercury and 3500 people suffered from mercury poisoning.

海洋污染英語(yǔ)作文六：Sea Pollution

From the overall situation, wastewater emissions growth speed. Is expected in 2000 will reach 666 tons. City life sewage volume will continue to increase, in 2000 reached about 783 tons. The wastewater of low (estimated at 20% ~ 30%),most of untreated wastewater directly or indirectly discharged into the water body, the serious pollution of water resources. China's seven major river systems in nearly half of serious pollution, city section of river water qualitygenerally exceed the standard 86%. The polluted water, more serious is the Huaihe, Haihe, Liaohe, Songhua River, the downstream Yangtze River and the Pearl River Delta industries in developed region.

River city section of riverpollution, heavy on the river, north to south. In 1990, 94 river city section of evaluation, 65 are subject to different degrees of pollution, accounting for 69.1%, the main pollutants ammonia nitrogen, volatile phenol and oxygen consumption of organic matter. According to the survey, 700000000 peopledrinking water the Escherichi a coli exceed the standard, 164000000 people drink organic pollution of water, 35000000 people nitrate drinking water exceed the standard.

Huaihe is one of the most polluted rivers. Huaihe in the evaluation of the 2000kilometers of the river, 78.7% river does not meet the drinking water standard,the 79.7% section does not meet the standard of fishery water, 32% do not meet the standard of irrigation water. According to statistics, the national 3000 heavily polluting enterprises, enterprises of wastewater discharge of industrial pollution,Huaihe River Basin accounts for 160. A sewage units 1.55 182 towns within the basin, industrial wastewater emissions of 1610000000 cubic meters, 700000000 cubic meters of urban living water emissions. Huaihe sewage irrigation farmland,causing serious crop production; in 1989 the occasion of the Spring Festival, the sewage discharge upstream gate opening, the tap water in Huainan, Bengbu twocity is seriously polluted and not drinking, Huaihe basin, the public drinking watercrisis, people Voices of discontent.

Huaihe basin in many areas of cancer incidence rate than the normal area than 10 times to hundreds of times, some villages in 2/3 of hepatomegaly. At the same time, due to the pollution of the estuary, anadromous fish resources has been damaged, the sharp drop in output, part of the in